Product Description
Chemical Structure and Properties
Structural Features: Trehalose is a non - reducing disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules linked by an α,α - 1,1 - glycosidic bond. This special glycosidic bond structure endows trehalose with relatively high chemical stability and makes it less prone to hydrolysis reactions compared to other sugars under high - temperature, acidic, and alkaline conditions.
Physical Properties: It is a white crystalline powder, odorless, and sweet - tasting. Its sweetness is approximately 45% that of sucrose, with a pure sweet flavor. It has good hygroscopicity and can absorb moisture in environments with relatively high humidity. Its melting point is between 97 - 99ºC. It is easily soluble in water, and its aqueous solution is neutral. It can also dissolve in organic solvents such as ethanol to a certain extent, but with a relatively low solubility.
Chemical Stability: Under normal conditions, trehalose is chemically stable. For example, it can remain stable in the pH range of 3.5 - 10 and can withstand high temperatures. During food - processing procedures such as high - temperature baking and frying, trehalose can still maintain its chemical structure and is not as likely to undergo caramelization reactions or decomposition as other sugars.
Product Quality Standards and Testing Methods
Quality Standards:
Purity Requirements: The purity of food - grade trehalose is generally required to be above 98%, and the purity of pharmaceutical - grade trehalose is even higher, usually above 99%. High - purity trehalose can ensure its safety and effectiveness in various applications.
Impurity Limitations: There are strict limits on the content of heavy metals (such as lead and mercury), generally required to be at an extremely low ppm (parts per million) level. At the same time, there are corresponding standards for other sugar impurities and microbial content. For example, the microbial limit should comply with the microbial standards of drugs or food to prevent the product quality from being affected by microbial contamination.
Testing Methods:
High - Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC): This is a commonly used method for detecting the purity and content of trehalose. The sample is injected into a high - performance liquid chromatograph, and the differences in the distribution of different sugars between the stationary phase and the mobile phase are utilized to separate trehalose from other components. The content and purity of trehalose are determined according to its peak time and peak area.
Polarimetry: Trehalose is optically active. By measuring its optical rotation, qualitative and quantitative analyses of trehalose can be carried out. This method is relatively simple, but it should be noted that other optically active substances may interfere with the results.
Product Applications
Applications in the Food Industry:
Preservative: Trehalose can be used as a natural preservative. It can replace part of sucrose, maintain the sweetness of food, and effectively prevent food from dehydration, oxidation, and deterioration during storage. For example, in baked goods, the addition of trehalose can extend the shelf - life of products and keep bread, biscuits, etc. soft and fresh - tasting for a longer period.
Sweetener: Due to its moderate sweetness and pure sweet flavor, trehalose can be used as a high - quality sweetener in foods and beverages. In some low - sugar or sugar - free foods, trehalose is an ideal sweet substitute. It can meet consumers' demand for sweetness without causing a sharp fluctuation in blood sugar, and is suitable for special populations such as diabetic patients.
Applications in the Pharmaceutical Field:
Drug Stabilizer: One of the important applications of trehalose in the pharmaceutical field is as a drug stabilizer. It can protect drug molecules from being damaged during drying, freezing, and other processes. For example, in the lyophilized preparations of protein - based drugs, trehalose can form hydrogen bonds with protein molecules to prevent protein denaturation during the lyophilization process, thereby improving the stability and efficacy of drugs.
Cell Protectant: Trehalose has a protective effect on cells. In the fields of organ transplantation and cell preservation, trehalose can reduce cell damage during low - temperature storage and increase cell survival rates.
Applications in the Cosmetics Field:
Moisturizer: The hygroscopicity of trehalose makes it an excellent moisturizer in cosmetics. It can form a protective film on the skin surface to prevent the loss of skin moisture and keep the skin soft and smooth. In lotions, creams, and other skin - care products, the addition of trehalose can improve the moisturizing performance of the products.
Product Packaging and Storage Conditions
Packaging Materials: Trehalose products usually adopt well - sealed packaging materials such as plastic film bags, aluminum - foil bags, or plastic bottles. For high - purity trehalose or trehalose used in the pharmaceutical field, multi - layer composite materials are generally used for packaging to prevent the product quality from being affected by factors such as moisture and oxygen.
Storage Conditions: It should be stored in a cool, dry, and well - ventilated place, avoiding direct sunlight. The ideal storage temperature is generally between 2 - 8ºC, and the relative humidity should not exceed 60%. During storage, it should be prevented from being mixed with substances with odors to avoid trehalose from absorbing odors and affecting the product quality. At the same time, it should be kept away from fire sources and heat sources because trehalose is a combustible substance and may cause a fire in a high - temperature environment.
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